Misconceptions Of African American Life Essays -

Misconceptions Of African American Life When you control a man's thinking you do not have to worry about his actions. You do not have to tell him not to stand here or go yonder. He will find his proper place and will stay in it. You do not need to send him to the back door. He will go without being told. In fact, if there is no back door, he will cut one for his special benefit. His education makes it necessary. This quote, spoken true by a prominent African American scholar of the 20th century, Carson Woodson, is aimed at shedding light on the inherent miseducation of African Americans. His beliefs that controlling ones thinking with such a powerful grasp that allows little or no movement will lead to that individual behaving as he is expected is a very justifiable point. If time and time again, one is told to do certain things or believe certain things as right, then with constant repetition and enforcement, widespread belief and acceptance of this idea or practice will become the norm. A people that is consistently taught or treated a certain way may at some point begin to accept it right. However, in many cases what may be deemed right by some is not necessarily the right thing to do. This theory can not be any more prominent than in the case of African Americans, who have long endured hundreds of years of discriminatory practices based solely upon their race and origins. Dating back to the days of slavery, these are a people that out of prejudice, out of expectations, out of fear, have often come to view the white mans way as the right way either by choice or by having no other choice. In the process, however, their very own culture, beauty, beliefs, traditions, etc., often get trampled upon or even forgotten as they either struggle to keep up or struggle to stay up. More then not, though, this brainwashing of sorts results in a miseducation of the African-American people that often leads to widespread misunderstandings about them. These misunderstandings can then lead to various forms of stereotypes aimed against African-Americans by whites or other non African Americans picked up along the way due to incomplete knowledge about their history which inherently also hurt those making these false assumptions. Times are changing, however, and with these evolutionary years comes a greater sense of struggle to understand. This struggle comes both from within the African -American community to find out more about themselves sans Caucasian undertones, and also from groups such as whites to attempt to designate stereotypes from truths. The vast majority of aids in this process, however, come from African American scholars, writers, poets, film-makers, etc., who have set out to expose the miseducation of the Negro into believing and acting upon forced actions or opinions and to learn the truths behind their actual heritage. Four works that susinctly bring the miseducation about African American history into the spotlight of the national public are Claude McKays The Lynching, Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the Life of A Slavegirl, Gordon Parks Washington D.C. Charwoman, and Spike Lees School Daze. All four works illustrate a common thread of the misconception of African-American life by blacks themselves, as well as Caucasians around them, that has been carried intact through many a generations in the history of the United States. The earliest example that I would like to call attention to is Claude McKays poem entitled The Lynching. In my opinion, this poem addresses the commonly held misconceptions of both blacks and whites against African Americans during the period of slavery in the U.S. In terms of the miseducation of African Americans, the author uses the line of The awful sin remained still unforgiven to insinuate that being born black was considered by him and other African Americans at that time to be a sin or something to be ashamed of. He blames this African American mans death on Fates wild whim and never once blames the racist white males who most likely lynched him for no good reason, nor does he seem to express anger towards them. This poem shows the miseducation of the Negro in that

Great Example of Al Capone Personal Essay

Great Example of Al Capone Personal Essay ly murdered many people; the exact numbers are not known. The most infamous mass killing conducted by Capone was the St. Valentine s Day massacre. On that day, Capones follower Jack Mc Gurn tried to lure George Moran, who was a leader of the rival gang, so that he could kill him. During this ordeal, seven of Morans men got shot at the garage. This massacre brought Capone to the attention of the federal government. On further investigations, they exposed his tax evasion deals and other unlawful activities in Chicago (John, 1971). Al Capones Conviction and Imprisonment. The Bureau of prohibition began a probe on Al Capone and his businesses in Chicago. They initiated the investigations in an attempt to convict him for unlawful activity. A case got filed against Capone being charged with income tax evasion. He attempted to bribe and intimidate potential jurors. This got noticed, and the Jury listening to his case got changed. This followed a long trial on Oct 17th, 1929. The judge sentenced Capone to 11 years of imprisonment. At that time, this was the greatest sentence ever given in the United States for tax evasion. He tried to appeal against the conviction and the punishment against him, but both got denied. In prison, he got isolated and did not contact with other prisoners. This was a preventive measure to ensure that he would not commit any dangerous acts (Diane, 2002). Conclusion From the foregoing, it is manifestly clear that Capone was a long time criminal boss, and he was engaged in many illegal dealings and killings. The Criminal Justice agents should be extra vigilant to deal with organized crime and kill criminal gangs. The life of Al Capone is a mock to the system of law that was used in Chicago during his time. This is because the law hardly punished him or made attempts to keep him on toes. When he got convicted, it was too late. Capone had caused irreparable harm to the society of Chicago and America at large. It is noteworthy that the Investigating agencies and students across the world should analyze the harms caused by a dysfunctional system of law that could not resist the activity of criminal gangs.

Business Development Report Ikea pany †Free Samples

The IKEA pany was started in 1943 and started selling furniture in 1956. By 2007, the pany had already opened up different stores for its products in the various countries. The IKEA pany is based in Netherland and creates products regarding furniture and home appliances to make life at home better. Offering a full range of products with affordable prices and a better life for people is the vision of the pany. This is a pany that earns its money even before they spend it because of the make use of their resources and hence able to make future investments. IKEA offers quality products to people at fair prices, and they believe that, when people grow due to using the pany's products, the pany itself grows too. It has many locations globally that supply the furniture and home appliances to different parts of the world (Drzazga, 2014). The pany has also included the selling of houses and flats so as to reduce prices for the first time buyers. The IKEA products and furniture usually designed in Sweden but mostly manufactured in developed countries so as to cut costs whereby the final assembly is done by the consumers (Edvardsson & Enquist, 2011). Some of the IKEA petitors include; the Babyage that sells innovative products to make babies live richer and parents live easier. SHOP.CA sells online millions of goods across the world which include clothing, electronics, furniture, home appliances, jewelry, toys, video games, musical instruments and many other products. Move Loot is another petitor which is the easiest way to buy and sell online which include pick-up and delivery (Rask, 2014). The IKEA has different management styles which it applies in their operations such as autocracy style, democracy, laisse- fair, and lastly paternalistic management style. The world is changing globally because of the current technology, IKEA pany has been facing different challenges in the busy world because some markets, especially in USA stores, are located mainly in urban areas, and this has made the shopping to be difficult because people have busy schedules and the stores are not within their reach. Electronic shopping is an innovation that the pany is looking forward to developing even though they opted for Facebook and Twitter but it did not work, and hence they saw the opportunity to implement the e- shopping which is a digital marketing  (Drzazga, 2014). Electronic shopping is whereby people can buy and sell goods and services from a seller over the internet. People usually find the product or the service by searching in the website which displays its items online and then orders for delivery. Earlier this year, the IKEA pany was announced to launch an online shop for the customers in the Czech Republic whereby local consumers can be able to order the products online  (Hassan, Sistani, & Raju, 2014) The electronic shopping is important because it allows for peace of mind because there are secure payments that are done online. People can track their order and then select the necessary date for collection of their items. After the online shopping, the shoppers will have access to the online shopping experience. Also, online shopping leads to opening of many stores and outlets and pick up points for the online orders which are made accessible to customers at different destinations. This is a business model innovation that is used to describe the current business or future business model. This model contains questions that act as guidelines for the designing process of the business model  (Massa, 2013). The IKEA business model canvas is made up of harvesters, manufacturing firms, transport firms, delivery panies and the outfitting firms. Their aim is to design modular furniture, manufacture modular furniture, advertise and market and offer after sale services to its customers. They offer affordable and cheap home products to their clients; it's easy to assemble and transport the furniture and their experience to their clients on childcare on site, dining options and also the whole family experience. To their family, IKEA offers exclusive discounts, and for loyalty, the storage is in low costs assembling, and delivery is for free. The customer segments include the cost-conscious consumers, college students, and small businesses. The key resources are infrastructure regarding megastores, actual furniture, trucks, lifting equipment, tools and skilled personnel regarding labor. The channels for transportation are superstores, catalogs, family email subscriptions and IKEA stores website. The cost structure includes the raw material costs, manufacturing costs, advertising costs, labor costs and transportation costs. The revenue streams are the furniture sales, food sales at the restaurant, service fees through delivery and assemble and accessories sale through yarn, tools and towing equipment. The goal of the IKEA business model is to create value within the industry of home furnishing  (Euchner & Ganguly, 2014). In the past decade, people could not afford the best quality furniture because of their budget and the pany saw this need and created a variety of furniture with different sizes, culture and also prices. The pany usually focus on the customer by shortening the distance between the creation of the product and its selling point. And this often lowers the costs of the products. The pany does this by looking at the customers' needs, and this gives the information about the consumer and by doing this, they use this information to design the furniture that the client needs considering the space requirement. Different customers face different challenges regarding i e, and this makes the pany use low prices that the people can afford according to their i es. The pany looks at the tastes and preferences of the consumers so as to design the products that suit those prefer ences.   By doing this, better materials are used and useful techniques used. The model usually believes in the personal touch as pared to the name of the pany which was named after its founder, the village and the farm where he lived. The value of the enterprise is to have the customers assemble their furniture at home. The furniture is packaged in the way that is easier to transport with instructions on how to put them in place. The IKEA model requires time to time updates meaning that the furniture is changed from time to time. It takes the information that they receive from their customers, identifies any need arising and then makes changes to the design where necessary. mon sense and hard work is emphasized in this model and gives people a chance to change a house into a real home. Even though the resources of the people are limited, the IKEA business model continues to pay dividends to the people. The service by the name click and collect, many people have been able to select the items of interest online, pay through the credit cards and then have their orders shipped to their areas. The IKEA customers have demanded to make online buying, and the pany is happy because it has met peoples' desires. Online payments have been made even though in the first week after it was launched, people needed to pick their goods from the stores (Hassan, Sistani, & Raju, 2014). People are now able to get their orders delivered up to their door with an additional cost which depends on the cost of goods to be delivered and the IKEA branch bought from. The e-shopping has helped people to have access to a variety of items as the goods are arranged in such a way that the pany needs to see what people want to buy. The IKEAs catalog is necessary because it shapes consumers' behavior as people use it to see all the products and get any information or ideas from home and hence use it to make online orders (Euchner & Ganguly, 2014). People use the augmented reality application to place their furniture at home, see how it looks and how it fits the space available. In Swedish, IKEA will launch its electronic shopping business in Shanghai and start selling its products online by the end of August. All the furniture, home appliances, and accessories will be sold online except food and green plants. With this new shopping, people will be able to login to the IKEA website and then buy items through the portal, but both the online and offline products will have same prices and categories. By shopping online, the customers will be able to decide whether the goods will be delivered to their door or pick them from the stores. It also enables people to choose from a variety of products that are available  (UDDENFELDT, 2014). The prices of transport and pick up are all the same for the people who order from the shop regardless of the weight of the items. IKEA pany uses the electronic shopping so as to have a unique experience for its customers which is associated with the ability to feel and touch the products. The technological changes have contribute d to the launch of electronic shopping, and it has created a better everyday life for so many people. The aim of the pany is to build on their expansion story and expand their online presence so as to have a good relationship with their customers all over the world with a shopping experience. Due to this launch, IKEA has conducted services allowing for purchases to take place with set delivery dates that fit customers' needs and convenience whereby secure payments are made through the credit cards. The pany has also launched an e merce shopping in Saudi Arabia whereby customers just click purchase items, and they are delivered to their doorsteps. The e merce is currently being practiced in selected areas, but soon it will cover the whole region of Saudi Arabia. A marketing manager of Saudi Arabia says that it has been the fastest growing e merce market in the Middle East and North Africa. By 2018, the pany is planning to launch a modernized full-fledged e merce business because they see the ‘click and collect’ service as being temporary. IKEA has also launched a home delivery and online shopping in Australia where customers will be able to order online and then collect in store or receive a home delivery. For this reason, IKEA should encourage people to buy flat packed furniture online. Online shopping includes many services like picking and delivery and also assembling hence making shopping from home possible and convenient  (Hassan, Sistani, & Raju, 2014). Further, the management of the pany should market the e-shopping innovation at both global and domestic level to gain as many customers as possible. Also, the pany should establish petitive strategies to withstand the petitive pressure posed by petitors in the market; this will help the pany gain a petitive edge against its rivals. Lastly, the human resource management of IKEA should recruit only the qualified personnel who have the right skills of providing excellent online shopping services to the customers. Technology impacts significantly on the success and performance of a firm. Most panies have invested broadly in sophisticated technologies in the provision of services and products. Electronic shopping benefits both the customers and the panies using the technique. Doing electronic shopping is the best with the changing of the technology because it saves time as people just order for items they need and they are brought within their reach with prearranged delivery and assembly services. Therefore, panies should employ the right resources and invest heavily in online shopping for this will help them get petitive and position themselves firmly in the market. Aversa, P., Haefliger, S., Rossi, A., & Baden-Fuller, C. (2015). From business model to business modeling: Modularity and manipulation. In  Business models and modeling  (pp. 151-185).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Baier, D., Rese, A., & Schreiber, S. (2015). Analyzing Online Reviews to Measure Augmented   Ã‚   Reality Acceptance at the Point of Sale: The Case of IKEA. In  Successful Technological    Integration for petitive Advantage in Retail Settings  (pp. 168-189). IGI Global. De Marchi, V., Di Maria, E., & Ponte, S. (2013). The greening of global value chains: Insights from the furniture industry. petition & Change,  17(4), 299-31 Drzazga, M. (2014). New Media in Marketing munication in Multichannel Retailing.  Studia Ekonomiczne, (205), 23-33. Edvardsson, B., & Enquist, B. (2011). The service excellence and innovation model: lessons   from IKEA and other service frontiers.  Total Quality Management & Business   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Excellence,  22(5), 535-551.   Euchner, J., & Ganguly, A. (2014). Business model innovation in practice.  Research Technology Management,  57(6), 33-39. Gassmann, O., Frankenberger, K., & Csik, M. (2014). Revolutionizing the business model. In  Management of the fuzzy front end of innovation  (pp. 89-97). Springer International Publishing. Hassan, S. M., Sistani, A. J., & Raju, R. S. (2014). Top Online Shopping E panies and their Strength and Weakness (SWOT).  Research Journal of Recent Sciences. ISSN,  2277, 2502. Jonsson, A., & Foss, N. J. (2011). International expansion through flexible replication: Learning from the internationalization experience of IKEA.  Journal of International Business Studies,  42(9), 1079-1102. Massa, L., & Tucci, C. L. (2013). Business model innovation.  The Oxford Handbook of Innovation Management, 420-441. Oboyanskiy, A., & Shuvalova, M. (2017). A concept of applications in the electronic merce market.  Journal of Economics and Social Sciences, (9), 8. Rask, M. (2014). Internationalization through business model innovation: In search of relevant design dimensions and elements.  Journal of International Entrepreneurship,  12(2), 146- 161 Rese, A., Schreiber, S., & Baier, D. (2014). Technology acceptance modeling of augmented reality at the point of sale: Can surveys be replaced by an analysis of online   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   reviews?.  Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,  21(5), 869-876. UDDENFELDT, J. (2014). How furniture shopping could change through Omni-channel retailing and the use of technology-based innovations. Urgal, B., Quintà ¡s, M. A., & Arà ©valo-Tomà ©, R. (2013). Knowledge resources and innovation performance: the mediation of innovation capability moderated by management mitment.  Technology Analysis & Strategic Management,  25(5), 543-565.8.

Ethical Issue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ethical Issue - Essay Example While specialization is increasing in every area, hospitals are shuffling nurses from one unit to another with increased patient loads. Such cost effective measures compromise with the safety and quality and questions are raised on how ethical it is to do so. To make nurse staffing safe and appropriate, it was decided not to use nurse-to-patient ratios as a baseline standard for minimum safe staffing (Gallagher, Kany, Rowell, & Peterson, 1999). Nursing shortage in the United States is largely responsible for shifting nurses from one department to another. It is estimated that by 2010 there will be a shortage of about 800,000 nurses and this shortage already shows dire results (Bodley & Davis, 2003). The shortage is leading to delegation of patient care activities to nurses’ aides and unlicensed assistive personnel. Nurses do not have the managerial support or the control over their environments. Shifting nurses from unit to unit, imposing mandatory overtime, attrition in the p rofession is unlikely to abate. Psychiatric nursing is a specialized area where the availability of appropriate personnel remains a perennial problem. Patients in the mental health department need kindness and compassion during the acute phase of their illness but Nolan and Bourke (2001) point out that they were forced to live in poor social environment while they were being treated for severe mental illness. The nurses lacked the skills in interpersonal relationships. Nurses in the mental health department reported that the type of intervention had changed and there was a decreased emphasis on dynamic therapy (Nolan & Bourke). Treatment is now based on pharmacology and there was an increased use of cognitive therapies. Independent practice opportunities were lost while advanced certification and prescription authority had increased the scope

This assignment invites you to explore some of the theoretical

This invites you to explore some of the theoretical underpinning of SFG, as presented in the literature - Assignment Example 15). Micro issues are grammar and punctuation-related in essay writing. Syntax is the procedural term used to define sentence structure. Bad syntax is brought about by badly ordered sentences with no apparent and concise meanings. Inappropriate use of tenses is another micro issue that can be avoided with the introduction and discussion of other people’s judgment using present tense, and using consistency within the sentences. Prepositions are other grammatical features that are frequently misused (Barton, 1999, p. 41). Describing the position and movement, prepositions the state used in the sentence should always be double-checked because they always seem correctly used, even when they are not. Colons, semi-colons, apostrophes and speech marks are marks that can be evaded to keep of unnecessary grammatical errors (Forster, 1981, p. 27). Issues in essay writing feature grammatical, punctuation and syntax aspects that often require double-checking after writing. Advice, guidance, and interactive sources from the reference list can be used to guide the writer on aspects of the topic of the essay (Forster, Mohan & Hector, 2003, p. 13). Developed as one entity, everything developed within an essay should be authored with originality to avoid plagiarism. Grammatical and syntax issues are a vital part of the essay and should be consistently observed by the writer when proofreading the written work (Barton, 1999, p. 46). The four are phonetics, words, sentences and text (Kinoshita and Lupker, 2003, p. 3). The phonetic is the spoken sense of the language and words are a combination of letters to make a meaning as a group sentences are grouped words that give meaning as a group. The texts are a combination of sentences that make meaning. With language we are able to communicate what is going on in our minds in order to understand ourselves and the other persons better (Kinoshita and

Toray Textiles in to Mansfield Essay Example for Free

Toray Textiles in to Mansfield Essay Case Study of * What is Toray? * Why Mansfield? * How does it benefit local community? * The multiplier effect. * Factors involving the choice of a work site Toray Textiles Key facts : * Established in Japan in 1926. * Owns over 60 branch plants Asia, North America, Europe, making company name recognised worldwide. * Plants include: Italian artificial suede manufacturer, French carbon fibre manufacturer. * Sales offices located in Milan and Frankfurt. Why Britain? * Close link with Marks Spencer provides a good product outlet and can supply new designs at short notice. * Turnover expected to be over 80 million pounds from new plant in Mansfield. * Japan has become too expensive as a manufacturing base for a product so technically unadvanced. * E.C. rules state that, unless 60% of any product is made in E.C. by E.C. registered employees, then the product is subject to import duty in the form of money or commission, or by limiting the amount of the product sold (tariffs/quotas). * Productivity higher than in Japan and U.S.A. * Automation higher than in Japan and U.S.A. * Less training required. * High unemployment rates. * Longer working week. * No minimum wage or legal paid holiday. Why Mansfield? * Mainline inter-city rail link to London and Birmingham making big cities more accessible products can be sent for sale more easily. * Accessible to the M1 and U.K motorway networks access to buyers and channel ports easier imports and exports. * High unemployment not only will vacancies be filled but there is competition workers could accept lower wages. * Nottingham is nearby worldwide reputation for textiles. * High water table in area vast quantities required for bleaching and dyeing. * Unemployed miners well qualified in safety practices an area upon which Toray places great importance. * Potential to set up and expand onto a green field site lower costs. How does it benefit local community? * Low unemployment. * Higher prestige for area more publicity. * Tourism created by publicity brings in money etc. * Helps relieve pressures on council after large numbers of redundancies from the flop in the mining trade. How does it benefit the U.K.? * Net benefit of 50 million pounds to U.K balance of trade. * Has seen a revival in textile manufacturing. * Has prevented the need to import fabric from abroad. Multiplier effect: * New employees have more money to spend, creating work in tertiary employment i.e. services, shops, tourism, banking, housing and education. * If Toray is successful, other companies may be encouraged to locate in the area. Factors involving the choice of a work site: * Accessablity to a good infrastructure. * Opportunity to set up on a greenfield site. less cost and the opportunity to expand. * Level of unemployment competition for vacancies * Prejudices for/against a particular area, for example the North/South divide in certain areas * Tradition of use of technology. * Political situation a particularly shaky situation may cause people to boycott i.e. South Africa in 1970s and 80s

The Critique of Conceiving Logic as a Propadeutic :: Logic Ontology Philosophy Essays

The Critique of Conceiving Logic as a Propadeutic Introduction: Does logic assume an ontology? What is the relationship between logic and ontology? In contemporary philosophy common answers have been ‘No’ to the first and ‘None’ to the second question. This is because the principles of logic, to borrow Kantian terminology, are understood as regulative rather than constitutive of objects. For a principle to be regulative means that it provides us with a methodology that belongs somehow to the nature of our thinking, but not to that of the world, as constitutive principles do.[i] In this way, a regulative conception of logic represents logic as an â€Å"instrument† of reason that takes for granted a formal set of rules, rules which have no bearing on â€Å"reality† and that are â€Å"invented† as tools to guide our thought.[ii] It is no curiosity that as a result most contemporary logic text-books present logic as formal or informal system of rules meant to regulate our thinking. But why s hould we presuppose that logic is a regulative â€Å"instrument† devoid of ontological status? The aim here is to show that this presupposition regarding the nature of logic has very tenuous grounds and that a more plausible conception is a constitutive one, where logic is seen to express the structure of the world as mathematics might. This will be argued first by articulating Kant’s arguments for the separation of logic and ontology based on his criticism of pure reason and logic as providing principles constitutive of objects. Next, a Hegelian criticism of this criticism will be provided, as a defence of pure reason, to present subsequently his conception of reason and logic as the fountain of constitutive principles. This will be attempted by showing (a) Hegel’s conception of logic, (b) of thought, and (c) of objective thought. Finally, this position will be challenged with the charge of psychologism to show that nonetheless an ontological view of logic is more plausible than a regulative one. I. Kant: Finite Experience and The Critique Of Pure Reason 1.1. The Regulative Logical Employment of Reason Kant’s first Critique is an impressive analysis of the theoretical mind, an attempt to discover its nature, capacity for knowledge, and limits.

To What Extent Is the Commercialization of Sport a Positive Trend?

I feel that commercialisation of sports is bad as it denies the sport players of their privacy. As the players would be constantly under the limelight, details of their lives, both the good and the bad, are released to the public. For example, in the recent Tiger Wood's scandal involving his many mistresses, his private life was broad casted to the public, attracting many criticisms. Therefore, the commercialization of sports is bad as it compromises the personal space of the athletes. Performance may not be the main focus in all sports. Some people may take up a sport just to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Many sports, such as running and swimming can be solitary and non-competitive. It does not matter if one does not perform well in the activity, as long as the individual feels that being engaged in it brings benefit to his/her health. If the commercialization of sports were to cause people to develop a mindset that victory and quality of performance is of utmost importance, unnecessary pressure will be imposed on the sportsman. Their mentality may change, resulting in them thinking that only those who can excel in the sport deserve to take part. This causes those who do sports for health benefits but are not proficient to lose their penchant. Commercialization in this case is disadvantageous as it has the power to distort the mindset of people negatively. The psychological phobia may cause some people to be robbed of their chance to engage in a sport they like. The commercialization of sports has set in motion a shift in paradigm in sports; particularly those which involve teams. Players have become commodities to be traded and sold for extravagant sums of money and even clubs are being sold to the highest bidders. The trouble with this is that while sport used to be about performance excellence and hard work, clubs may now simply obtain success by splurging astronomical amounts of money to buy the best players that money can buy. Players no longer stay loyal to the clubs that trained them and honed their skills but instead seek greener pastures where the pay is higher than the exorbitant amount it already is. The overall result of this is a lack of sense of loyalty and passion and also makes a case for the notion that success can be bought with money. Commercialisation of sports leads to the erosion of it's values. No longer is the focus about doing one's best to win, it is now about wearing the branded goods. The promotion of sports apparel or energy beverages gives the idea that without these goods, one cannot achieve their optimal point in sports. Some of these brands include Nike, Adidas and Gatorade. While they may help the body's posture and movement, it is the person's perseverence that will pull them through. Commercialisation is only another form of distrcation. Hence, commercialisation of sports is bad. Commercialisation of sports is bad. It seems that Sports had lost it true meaning. Sports is no longer a simple physical exercise but involves many other issues. Instead, one's popularity and ability to appeal to the public is more important then one's talent and skills. For example: Anna Kournikova is the biggest tennis start yet she never won a grand slam, she gains a large amount of earnings through sponsorship alone Justin Henin(world no 1) is able to earn in a lifetime. This have shown the disparity between both individuals. Therefore, I conclude that commercialisation of sports have led to people placing more emphasis on looks then talent. Nowadays, if one was to declare themselves a fan of Chelsea football club, the reply you would get would most probably â€Å"Before or After Roman Abramovich? † Chelsea Football Club was bought over by a rich oil merchant in 2003, and this led to an interesting disadvantage of commercialisation in sport. Because of the large amount of capital that is provided to these clubs who are bought over by rich businessmen, they are able to buy their way to success. This effectively destroys sportsmanship in the spirit of competition and causes unfair advantages to smaller teams that do not have that large an amount of capital at their disposal and thus are unable to spend as freely. This is not just limited to football. Sport that are taken over by sponsorship or under ownership will all suffer from this disadvantage. In F1, Ferrari and MacLaren are always the teams that occupy the pole position whereas teams with less renowned cars like Toyota rarely become champions. Hence, commercialization has been proven to disrupt and distort the playing field, providing unfair economical and thus other advantages to certain teams Commercialisation is becoming increasingly prevalent in sport and while this moral issue would generally be perceived as positive with the availability of more money and resources, many believe that the idea of sport as an industry has allowed amateur sport to become overly competitive and the rise of riots due to sports, is a recognizable consequence of this. This change in many ways allowed us to enjoy the level of professional sport we enjoy in Singapore today. However, some believe the trickle down of commercialisation to amateur sports has increased the tendency to provide some type of reward with athletes adopting an attitude of â€Å"winning no matter the cost†. This is now even seen within the Olympics with athletes who live off their sport now competing in an ‘amateur' competition. Children in particular are today are socialised to value winning over playing fair. This affects their moral knowledge and development, ultimately affecting their decision making. Commercialisation of sports is bad as it only advertise certain types of sports as well as its players. This makes people believe that the sport being advertised is more popular than the rest. Furthermore, people's knowledge on the types of sports will be limited. The same applies to the player being internationally well known. The player may not be the best player but due to the vast commercialising of him, it may bring a perception that he is the best player. As a result, people are ignorant about the worthiness of the players and their feelings are being toyed with if it is known that their favourite player is just an average sportsman. Therefore, commercialisation of sports is bad. Commercialisation is bad due to the social impact it resulted. It have been noted that many kids nowadays dream about making money through sports like basketball instead of just playing the game the love. For instance, a magazine named Slam talks about basketball and the players in NBA. It consists of an advertisement which asks â€Å"What Sports Center do you watch†. Then it says, â€Å"Steve Francis watches the 6AM Sports Center. † In my opinion, the advertisement is trying to use Steve Francis' popularity to persuade audiences to watch the Sports Center. This is one example of companies using sports figures to sell their products. In the advertisement, the picture of Steve Francis in his house, shows us what really is important to him — the pool and golf course in his back yard through the window in his bedroom. Hence, it is partly due to commercialisation of sports that many people look up to him in terms of his material possessions and not the way he plays basketball. Positive There will be an increase in higher quality of performance as people strive to do better and win in sports. Funding and business profits from the commercializtion of sports enable sportsmen to improve themselves and thus ring the sport to higher grounds. If a player lacks equipment or proper training grounds like, say a tennis court, funding and money can provide the player with what he requires to improve his skills. Sports has to be commercialized in order to gain these funds, and thus the commercialization of sports is good. Commercialisation plays an important role in the sport existence. It helps to provide the funds and re sources needed for athletes to be able to perform at their fullest potential. Take a Track and Field athlete for example, without a proper pair of spikes the athlete cannot perform his best. Without commericalisation there will not be efficient athletes and without efficient athletes the sport cannot be exist. Thus commericalisation plays an important role in the sports industry to help keep sports alive by providing funds and resources needed. Another benefit for commercialization of sports is that amateur level sports can benefit through commercialization of sport at the professional level. Commercialization has brought greater exposure to sports such as A-League, NRL, Super 14 and these sports at an amateur level benefit directly through commercialization and the exposure brings it to a professional level spor Indeed, sports helps to generate revenue not only for the benefit of creating more capital for sports but also to generate more revenues for different industries. Modern sports links to commerce are highly visible. Stadiums and arenas bear the names of businesses, sponsors' logos are appearing on athletes' clothing and equipment and on the facilities they play in. Media companies pay a huge amount for the rights to broadcast sports events, and advertisers pay to promote products during the screening of sports events. The revenue of a country would increase due to the commercialisation of sports as more international competitions will be held in the country. Advertisements of the tournament or competition would interest more foreigners and bring in greater revenue. This would be beneficial to the country's economy. It was evident for the Beijing Olympics held in 2008 where many people turned up for the major event due to commercialisation; hence, contributing to China's economic growth the facilities built could still be used to train more athletes and sportsmen, hence, allowing them to perform at their full potential to prepare for future competitions. With better competitors, the sports event would be more exciting and entertaining to the viewers and this would generate revenue to the country especially if it is the one hosting the event. This would potentially lead to economic growth. In China, the commercialisation of sports was also a strategy to increase its ‘soft power' which is the ability to affect others to obtain the outcomes China wants. It has helped China to appear more attractive to other countries and this is the first step for China to build political relations with other countries, making it beneficial for them. Commercialization of sports has resulted in the increase in the number and quality of sports shown on television today. Without commercial sponsorship, people would not be able to follow their favourite sports from their homes as closely as they want. Thus commercialization of sports has benefited society in providing entertainmen Through commercialisation, sports have been able to reach out to large audiences. With the help of the business community, there is funding and also international coverage from the media. If not, international sports events such as the Olympic Games or the Sea Games would not be made possible. It is due to this support, that athletes are able to compete and to strive for the very best in such key international events. Furthermore, sponsorships and partnerships can help sports create opportunities, such as the Olympic Games, to not only survive but thrive in today's much economically and work-driven world. Moreover, commercialisation of sports can give a good exposure of the sport to youths of today's society. The lives of many youths today revolve around technology, leading to a very mundane lifestyle. Thus this exposure may lead to them picking up certain sports, diversifying and making their lifestyle more active instead of just spending hours on end on their computers. Thus, sports should be an important aspect of our lives and the only way to ensure it continues to flourish, especially in today's context, is through commercialisation.

E-Library – Requirements Specification

E-Library – Requirements Specification Author:Jiri Walek Status:Draft Contents 1. Introduction2 1. 1. Overview of the E-Library System2 1. 2. Keywords2 1. 3. Abbreviations and Terms2 2. Administration Requirements3 1. 4. Types of User Accounts and Permissions3 1. 5. Administration Interfaces3 3. User Requirements4 1. 6. Online User Registration4 1. 7. User Login/out4 1. 8. Catalog Search4 1. 9. Catalog Quick Search4 1. 10. Catalog Browsing5 1. 11. Advanced Catalog Browsing5 1. 12. Create Select List5 1. 13. Check Out eBooks6 1. 14. Explicit eBook â€Å"Return†6 ? 1. Introduction This document is an example of a Software Requirements Specification document which can be imported into Polarion, then exported and re-imported in a collaborative process utilizing the Word Round-trip feature. It is intended for demonstration only. The document describes a fictitious online eBook lending library with optional eBook online sales component. The focus is on simplicity rather than depth and completeness, that you may more easily understand the Document features. 1. 1. Overview of the E-Library System This system provides an online portal analogous to a public library where registered patrons can borrow books. The main difference is of course that the books in the library catalog are all in electronic formats which incorporate Digital Rights Management (DRM) enabling the system to â€Å"lend† an allowed number of copies to registered users. In addition, when a book has the proper rights, the E-Library can sell patrons a license for a personal copy of the electronic book which they can retain permanently. 1. 2. Keywords This document contains keywords which correspond to Severity values in the Polarion system when to document is imported for management by Polarion. DOCUMENT KEYWORDPOLARION SEVERITY VALUEMEANING â€Å"MUST_HAVE†must_haveNo release without SHOULD_HAVE†should_haveMay slip to next release if time runs short â€Å"MAY_HAVE†may_haveMay be included in release if dependent things are implemented, otherwise will not be included â€Å"OPTIONAL†optionalMay be included in release if time/resources allow, otherwise will be postponed to another release 1 . 3. Abbreviations and Terms TERMDEFINITION Carti. e. â€Å"shopping cart† – a collection of one or more eBooks that a patron has marked for purchase during the current session CatalogThe database of eBooks available for loan and possibly for sale as well Check OutThe act of â€Å"borrowing† an eBook from the library. Term is not used in reference to the process of paying for a purchased eBook (see Purchase) Check InThe act or â€Å"returning† a previously â€Å"borrowed† (checked out) eBook. DRMDigital Rights Management eBookAn electronic book or other publication lent or sold by the E-Library system ISBNInternational Standard Book Number LCLibrary of Congress Loansee Lend LendThe process of flagging an eBook so the appropriate DRM understands that one of the allowable number of â€Å"copies† has been allocated to a patron for the lending period. PatronA user of the E-Library portal PurchaseThe process by which library patrons purchase a DRM license for a personal copy of an eBook. Also the action of a user navigating into the process for purchasing the eBooks listed in their Cart. StoreAn area of the portal that lists a subset of the library’s eBooks, that being eBooks for which users may purchase a license for a personal copy of the eBook. 2. Administration Requirements This section outlines the main requirements that relate to administration and management of the E-Library system. 1. 4. Types of User Accounts and Permissions The system must provide for the following types of user accounts: ACCOUNT TYPE NAMEPERMISSIONS AdministratorUser can access any component or area of the system including accounts of other users LibrarianUser can access the catalog management features of the system PatronUser can access the general library features, including browsing, searching, check out, check in, reserve, and purchase StudentSame as a Patron, except may not access Purchase features The system must provide user management to manage the user role assignments. Each user can have multiple user roles assigned. It must be possible to 1. 5. Administration Interfaces The system must provide user interfaces for the following roles/functions: †¢System Administration – including database management, server management, backups, etc. User type: Administrator †¢Catalog Management – all non-technical functionality related to managing eBooks in the library catalog. User types: Administrator, Librarian 3. User Requirements This section outlines the main requirements that relate to the end users who borrow and purchase eBooks from the E-Library. . 6. Online User Registration Users must be able to create Patron or Student accounts by registering online. A suitable registration page or pages should be provided. New users must go thru a verification process (TBD) to confirm their email address before their account is activated in the system. 1. 7. User Login/out Once verified, users must be able to log in to the portal. Users must be able to change their password (but not their user name/ID) There must be a way for users to retrieve a lost password Users must be able to log out. There must be a session timeout mechanism that will automatically log the user out after a period of time (period TBD). On logout, the contents of user’s Select List and Cart are cleared. The contents of the Reserved List is preserved. 1. 8. Catalog Search Users must be able to search for eBooks The system should provide interfaces for both â€Å"simple† and â€Å"advanced† searches †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"simple† should be a search on any one of fields Author, Title, or ISBN. †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"advanced† should provide an easy way to construct complex searches on multiple fields with different logic (e. g. AND, OR, NOT) 1. 9. Catalog Quick Search The system should provide several â€Å"quick search† options: †¢Newest eBooks – returns a listing of the 10- 50 (configurable) most recently added eBooks †¢Top 20 Titles – returns a listing of the 20 most frequently borrowed eBooks oThe actual number should be configurable by an administrator oThe UI should provide a pick list of values: 10, 20, 25, 50, 100 †¢Latest Returns – returns a list of 10-50 (configurable) most recently checked-in eBooks oEither explicitly checked in by a patron, or lending period expired freeing the eBook for loan oeBooks listed in this set must not have any reservations†¦ must be available for immediate loan 1. 0. Catalog Browsing Users must be able to browse the eBooks in the catalog Users must be able to select how they want to browse: †¢Browse by Author oMust be able to select an alphabetical subset†¦ e. g. author names beginning with A, or M for example †¢Browse by Title oMust be able to se lect an alphabetical subset†¦ e. g. author names beginning with A, or M for example †¢Browse by genre (e. g. fiction, non-fiction, science fiction, etc. 1. 11. Advanced Catalog Browsing Users should be able to browse by Publisher Users should be able to browse by Book Award Users should be able to browse according to a combination of data, such as by Author + Genre, Title + Year of Publication, Author + Book Award, etc. 1. 12. Create Select List The Select List is similar to a shopping cart except that the checkout processes a loan of the eBooks in the list rather than a purchase. Each user must be able to save a list of eBooks they want to borrow – their â€Å"Select List† †¢The Select List is only for the current session and is cleared when the session terminates †¢Each eBook added to the Select List remains in the list for 20 minutes. During this time, the number of copies available for loan is reduced by 1 and the number available is shown to ot her users. oIf the time expires and the eBook is removed from the Select List, then the number of copies available for loan is increased by 1 and the number available is shown to other users. The number of eBooks user may add to their Select List is limited to the checkout limit defined in the system configuration minus the number of eBooks patron has currently checked out. oIf user currently has the maximum number checked out, then all Add to Select List links should be disabled for that user. †¢If all copies allowable under the eBook’s DRM are currently on loan to other users, then the eBook cannot be added to any user’s Select List (the UI widget is disabled) and the UI must inform the user that no copy is currently available for loan. 1. 13. Check Out eBooks User should be able to navigate to Check Out any time via a readily visible link or button The checkout page must display the eBooks in the user’s Select List The user must be able to remove eBooks from the Select List at this point Via an appropriate UI widget, user should be able to execute check out which processes on all the eBooks left on the Select List. When checkout is complete, user must be presented with a page of the checked out titles, each title having a DOWNLOAD widget. Clicking the widget downloads a copy of the eBook with appropriate DRM applied. Each checked out eBook should remain listed on the user’s Downloads page until the loan period expires. 1. 14. Explicit eBook â€Å"Return† Users must be able to â€Å"return† any eBook on their Downloads page that has not yet been downloaded via an appropriate â€Å"RETURN THIS EBOOK† widget. Executing the return must remove the eBook from the user’s downloads page, decreases the count of eBooks the user currently has checked out (if that value is greater than zero), and increases by 1 the number of copies of the eBook available for loan.

Complete Comparison Charts SAT vs ACT

Complete Comparison Charts SAT vs ACT SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The SAT and the ACT are both hard pills to swallow, but one might be easier for you than the other. If you're still trying to decide which test to take, these charts will give you direct comparisons between them in terms of format, timing, and content. Then you can figure out which one sounds like the right fit for you! Part 1: Logistics First, the nuts and bolts - how many sections are there, how long does it take, and how many questions are there? Test Format SAT ACT Number of Total Sections 10 4 (5 if you take it with Writing) Types of Sections Critical Reading, Math, and Writing (plus one Experimental Section that doesn't count towards your score) English, Math, Reading, and Science (plus Writing if you take that version) Time per Section Critical Reading - two 25 minute sections, one 20 minute section Math - two 25 minute sections, one 20 minute section Writing - 25 minutes for the essay, one 25 minute section, one 10 minute section Experimental Section - 25 minutes English - 45 minutes Math - 60 minutes Reading - 35 minutes Science - 35 minutes Optional Writing - 40 minute essay Order of Sections Essay, 6 randomly ordered 25 minute sections, two 20 minute sections (Critical Reading and Math), and the 10 minute Writing section English, Math, Reading, Science, optional Writing Total Time 3 hours and 45 minutes 2 hours and 55 minutes without Writing, 3 hours and 35 minutes with Writing SAT Timing Section Time Per Question Critical Reading 54 seconds Math 67 seconds Writing 43 seconds ACT Timing Section Time Per Question English 36 seconds Math 60 seconds Reading 53 seconds Science 53 seconds Part 2: Content Next, we'll look at the meat of the tests - what skills are tested in each section, and what do you have to know? Reading SAT ACT Number of Questions 67 multiple choice 40 multiple choice Format 3 sections, each section has sentence completion questions and passage-based questions; passages may be long, short, or paired 1 section, 4 long passages (one may be a set of paired passages), 10 questions about each passage Subject Matter Passages are in an unpredictable order and may deal with a wide variety of subject matter Passages are always in the same order in terms of subject matter: Prose Fiction/Literary Narrative, Social Science, Humanities, and Natural Science Important Skills Vocabulary knowledge for sentence completion questions, skimming passages, reading comprehension, understanding confusingly worded questions Skimming passages, reading comprehension Math SAT ACT Number of Questions 44 multiple choice, 10 grid-in student response 60 multiple choice Format 3 sections 1 section Subject Matter Pre-algebra, algebra, geometry, data analysis and probability Same topics as the SAT with the addition of trigonometry, matrices, complex numbers, and conic sections (but trigonometry is the only one that comes up really frequently) Important Skills Using formulas correctly (given to you at the beginning of each math section), algebra and geometry Math stamina and speed (60 math questions in one long section!), formula memorization (no formulas are given to you on the ACT), algebra and geometry, trigonometry SAT Writing/ACT English SAT ACT Number of Questions 49 multiple choice 75 multiple choice Format 2 sections, editing individual sentences (not sentences in a passage) as well as some questions based on short passages (Improving Paragraphs questions) 1 section, questions asked alongside 5 long passages Subject Matter Punctuation, number agreement, parallel sentence structure, correct tense, diction and word choice, improving paragraph structure Same as SAT but with more questions on rearranging sentences and paragraphs in passages for the best organization of thoughts Important Skills Grammar knowledge, logical organization of ideas in smaller context Grammar knowledge, logical organization of ideas in smaller and larger context Science SAT ACT Number of Questions No science section!! 40 multiple choice Format N/A 1 section, 7 passages - 3 data representation, 3 research summaries, 1 conflicting viewpoints Subject Matter N/A Biology, Earth science, chemisty, physics, very basic math Important Skills N/A Interpreting and making predictions based on graphs and data trends, comparing scientific opinions, understanding and interpreting the design of experiments Essays SAT ACT Overall Score Impact The essay is mandatory and accounts for a third of your Writing subscore The essay is optional and will not affect your composite score in any way Timing 25 minutes at the beginning of the test 40 minutes at the end of the test Subject Matter Wide range of prompt topics, not directly related to high school experiences All prompts usually boil down to the core question of "What do you think about the way the world is changing?" What's Next? Now the million dollar question - how do you decide whether to take the SAT or the ACT? Read about whether the ACT is easier than the SAT for you. Take an SAT practice test and an ACT practice test to see if you score higher on one test than the other - this is most foolproof way to figure out which test you should take for real. Read this guide for advice on choosing test dates and then take a look at the SAT and ACT dates for the upcoming school year to start planning! Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Innovation management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Innovation management - Essay Example Therefore, the following discussion is an analytical approach to denote the various business attributes that ensure that the company ranks as the third most successful company through evaluation of its business strategies and organizational structure to acquire competence, profitability, and clientele value perceptions in the industry. Rationale for the choice of the company Since the early years of the founding, the company has been adapting to the best approaches to ensure the development and strategic production of vehicles that fit different purposes of the consumer rather than the company’s ideology to produce automotive in accordance to its forecasts of the models that will likely sell effectively. The main reasons to choosing Toyota as the best option for the study reflects on accurate execution of strategies to ensure global leadership in production and delivery to the clientele (Rosen, 2007:4). Mainly, perceptions are that the fast company operates a private market se gment on a global platform, and that it is a monopoly, however, the presence of other similar competitors producing cheap priced vehicles for developing economies and the majority middle class of the global society eradicates the notion of monopoly and implements the ideal presence of oligopoly in the market (Azar, Maurer, and Beck, 2010:4). The company establishes long-range plans and strategies and ensures that all the performances in the organization aim at achieving the established framework of executing duties in accordance to the set framework and adapting to the Just-in-time phenomenon, which aims at ascertaining and ensuring continuity in production of at a profitable rate against the competitors (Rafinejad, 2007:125). All departments in the company adapt to performance of duties in accordance to the company’s plans and the idea of motivation serves as intrinsic in stimulating growth as the unified teams engage in positive competence to ensure a continued rate of inno vation and new product development in the company (Hu?Lsmann, and Pfeffermann, 2011:45). Further, Toyota produces almost all-time cheap priced cars but exceeds Ford, which currents survives a $12.5 billion deficit, as GM stocks lag behind at a 10:1 ration in the global stock markets. Other companies like Chrysler, Peugeot, Bavaria Motor Works (BMW) suffer a similar fate of incompetence in execution of their obligations against those of the Toyota Company. Critical analysis Techniques Mainly, Toyota ensures that all the workers understand the importance of undertaking performances that reflect on the company’s long-range objectives and the fact that quality by design and specification is of the essence and poses as a necessity in the multinational corporation. The plans and motivational approaches of the company serve as intrinsic approaches to engaging the personnel into unstoppable performance and worker flexibility. Incorporation of technology serves as the integral in prod uction as the Andon devices regulates and signals employees on faulty production and ensures corrective measures are adapted precisely. The techniques applied in relation to workers to ensure that all jobs are undertaken promptly and in accordance to the specifications, also Toyota regulates approaches to ensure that a

Managing People Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Managing People - Essay Example All the activities linked with diversification in the workplace intend to minimize numerous problems related to the performance of different types of roles pertaining to the job. Diversification facilitates effectual flow of communication between the employees in the organizations and helps in building transparency. In addition, it helps in increasing the cohesiveness amid the employees at large (Barack, 2005). On the other hand, equal opportunities relates to non-discrimination in the workplace. It concerns in providing fair and equal opportunities to all the employees related to the job irrespective of various factors like caste, colour, position, religion, gender along with other significant aspects (D'Almeida, 2007). The scope of the project will primarily focus on the importance of diversification as well as equal opportunities in the workplace of the organizations. In addition, few companies practicing diversification in their respective workplace and the benefits that they exp erienced will be highlighted upon. The focus of this discussion will also be laid upon the challenges that could be faced while achieving multiplicity in the workplace. Discussions relating to the Kandola and Fullerton model will be made relating to the concepts of diversification along with equal opportunities. While laying out the importance of diversification, factors concerning the demographics of the workforce will be also be taken into concern (Wylie, 2008). Importance of Diversity The term diversity refers to the process of performing multitasking functions by a company in its respective workplace. However, from an organizational viewpoint, it lays much importance upon its meaning as it concerns the overall performance of the employees of a company. It can be affirmed from a broader outlook that more the variance in the work process, more the diversification is considered. Maintaining diversification and equality in the workplace plays an imperative part as both these aspects trigger growth as well as developmental activities which benefits the whole of the organizations at large. These aspects also eradicate biasness in the workplace which is very much essential for maintaining a healthy work environment. In order to determine the significance of diversity, it can be affirmed from a broader outlook that the creation of a diverse workplace is quite indispensable for any business organisation for the purpose of enhancing as well as raising its creativity and overall productivity by a considerable level. It is worth mentioning that maintaining effectual workplace diversity can support an organisation to attain its predetermined business targets through developing the performance of its entire personnel and also by mounting its operational effectiveness at large (D'Almeida, 2007). Thus, on the basis of the above discussion, it can be stated that diversity plays a decisive part in supporting an organisation to fulfil its expected business targets by a certa in degree. However, if a consideration is made about the work demographics of England, it can be studied that the primary importance is given to the older section of the employees rather than the young generation.